Local Climate / Weather

Iran’s climate is predominantly arid and semi-arid, with four distinct seasons that vary significantly across the country. The northern region, influenced by the Caspian Sea, enjoys a subtropical climate with moderate temperatures, while the southern coastal areas along the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman experience a hot desert climate. The central plateau and mountainous areas present a mix of continental and alpine climates, characterized by hot summers and cold winters. ・Spring (March to May): Spring is one of the best times to visit Iran, as temperatures are generally mild and the landscapes come alive with blooming flowers. Cities such as Tehran, Shiraz, and Isfahan are particularly vibrant during this season, offering pleasant weather for sightseeing and outdoor activities. ・Summer (June to August): Summers can be intensely hot, especially in the central and southern parts of Iran, where temperatures can soar above 40°C. Coastal cities along the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman experience high humidity, making this season less ideal for outdoor activities. However, the northern provinces, such as Mazandaran and Gilan, offer cooler and more comfortable temperatures due to their proximity to the Caspian Sea. ・Autumn (September to November): Autumn is another excellent time for travelers to explore Iran. The weather is cooler, and the landscapes shift to beautiful shades of red, orange, and yellow. This season is perfect for exploring historic sites, mountain treks, and cultural experiences. ・Winter (December to February): Winters in Iran can be quite cold, especially in the north and central regions where snowfall is common. However, southern coastal areas maintain milder temperatures. For those who enjoy winter sports, Iran’s Alborz and Zagros mountains offer excellent skiing and snowboarding opportunities.

Useful Travel Information

Voltage & Electrical Outlets

Iran uses a 230V supply voltage and 50Hz frequency. The standard plug types are C and F, which are common in most European countries. Travelers should bring a universal adapter to ensure compatibility with their electronic devices. It is also advisable to check if your devices support 230V to avoid any damage.

Internet Connectivity

Internet access in Iran is available but can be subject to certain restrictions. Local carriers such as MTN Irancell, Hamrah-e Aval (MCI), and RighTel offer prepaid SIM cards with data packages that travelers can purchase upon arrival. Ensure your phone is unlocked to use these SIM cards. While 4G coverage is widespread in major cities, some websites and social media platforms may be restricted, so travelers may need a VPN for unrestricted browsing.

Water for Consumption (Drinking Water)

Tap water in Iran is generally safe to drink in urban areas, as it undergoes rigorous purification processes. However, for travelers who prefer additional caution, bottled water is readily available and affordable throughout the country. It’s recommended to check for the sealed cap when purchasing bottled water to guarantee its safety.

Culture, Religion & Social Etiquette

Culture

Iran, with its rich tapestry of culture and history, offers travelers an immersive experience rooted in ancient traditions and vibrant modernity. This nation, known as Persia until 1935, boasts an array of cultural nuances shaped by thousands of years of heritage, art, and literature. One significant cultural pillar is the Persian New Year, known as Nowruz, which marks the arrival of spring and is celebrated with extensive rituals, feasts, and family gatherings. Additionally, traditional Persian arts such as carpet weaving, poetry, and miniature painting reflect the deep artistic sensibilities of the Iranian people.

Religion

Iran is predominantly a Shiite Muslim country, with Islam as the official religion. The practices of Islam deeply influence daily life, public behavior, and even government policies. Travelers should be aware that religious observances, including prayers and Ramadan, are integral parts of Iranian life. During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, and many restaurants may be closed during daylight hours. Respect for religious sites and practices is essential. When visiting mosques and holy sites, travelers should dress modestly and observe local customs, such as removing shoes before entering prayer areas and maintaining a respectful demeanor.

Social Etiquette

Understanding Iranian social etiquette can greatly enhance the experience for travelers. The concept of Taarof, a form of polite social interaction, is an essential part of Iranian manners. It involves offering and declining items multiple times out of respect. For example, a shopkeeper might initially refuse payment out of courtesy, but it is expected that the customer insists on paying. This custom can be surprising to visitors but reflects the high value Iranians place on respect and social grace. Dress code is another important consideration. While in public, modest clothing is expected. Women should wear a headscarf and loose-fitting garments that cover their arms and legs. Men should avoid wearing shorts and sleeveless shirts. Understanding these norms helps avoid misunderstandings and fosters mutual respect. When greeting locals, a handshake is common between men, but interactions between men and women may be more reserved. It is best to wait for the locals to extend a hand first. Additionally, using both hands to give and receive items or expressing gratitude by placing a hand over the heart are gestures that resonate with Iranian social customs.