Conquer all of London! 30 recommended spots from classic to core tourist destinations

When it comes to sightseeing in London, the capital of the UK, landmarks like Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, and the British Museum are well-known. But this city is unique, offering so many different experiences that it hardly feels like just one place. Cross a single street, and you’ll find the atmosphere changes completely. One of London’s charms is that while exploring a single city, you can experience a variety of vibes from around the world.

By riding the city’s iconic underground, "the Tube," and hopping on the famous double-decker buses, you’ll feel like a true Londoner in no time! This time, I’m bringing you a list of must-visit spots in London, from classic attractions to lesser-known gems.

1. The Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace is a must-see!

When talking about the most iconic tourist spots in London, the Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace comes to mind. Buckingham Palace was once the residence of Queen Elizabeth II and serves as a state guest house for welcoming dignitaries from around the world.

The highlight of London sightseeing, the Changing of the Guard, takes place at 11 a.m. on Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, and Sundays, weather permitting. The spectacle of the guards, dressed in red uniforms in the summer and gray uniforms in the winter, marching in formation to the sound of military bands, is truly impressive!

When the British Royal Flag is flown atop the central part of the palace, it indicates that Queen Elizabeth was at home. During the summer, when the Queen was staying in Scotland, parts of the palace were open to the public. This is one of the must-visit spots when in London.

2. See the cavalry and horses that serve the Royal Family and military at "Horse Guards"

Located just near Buckingham Palace, Horse Guards is where the Royal Household Cavalry and their horses are stationed, as the name suggests. It is also one of London’s most historic buildings.

The Changing of the Guard ceremony at Buckingham Palace actually begins with the Horse Guards' changing ceremony. The cavalry starts at 11 a.m. (10 a.m. on Sundays). For the best photos, it’s recommended to enter from The Mall side when sightseeing. At the Household Cavalry Museum (entrance fee required), you can watch the cavalry handling their horses and see the rigorous training they undergo. Many tourists flock to the entrance on Whitehall to watch the hourly change of the cavalry, making it a famous London attraction.

3. Green Park, a royal park next to Buckingham Palace

One of London’s great features is its parks. Despite being a large metropolis, it has many expansive green parks. Green Park, a lush and beautiful space, connects to Buckingham Palace Gardens and Kensington Gardens.

This park serves as a peaceful retreat, not only for tourists but also for locals and office workers looking to relax. The park is filled with green lawns and deck chairs scattered throughout. While the deck chairs come with a fee, they can be a great place to rest if you’re tired from walking around sightseeing.

Green Park also hosts royal events, such as the "Royal Gun Salutes" held in conjunction with royal ceremonies. You can check the schedule in advance, and if it aligns with your visit, it might be worth including in your sightseeing plans.

4. The Tower of London, an English fortress

One of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in London is the Tower of London. Even the famous Japanese writer Natsume Soseki visited this historic place during his time studying in London, and it served as inspiration for one of his works. The Tower of London has a long history, having served as a mint, an observatory, a bank, and even a zoo at various times. Later, it was used as a prison for political prisoners, a place of execution, which has led to many stories of ghost sightings by visitors.

Additionally, the Tower still houses some of the largest ravens in the world. According to legend, if the ravens ever disappear, the Tower, and even London itself, will fall. You can hear stories like this on the "Yeoman Warder Tour," which is offered every 30 minutes and lasts about an hour.

5. Tower Bridge, a working drawbridge over the Thames River

Tower Bridge is one of London’s most iconic landmarks and a rare working drawbridge. Built in 1894 in a Gothic style, the bridge still opens two or three times a month for large ships to pass through. Interestingly, anyone with a sufficiently large vessel—whether an individual or a company—can apply for the bridge to be opened! It’s possible that a reservation could be made just before your visit, so it’s a good idea to check the schedule online before you go.

The bridge also offers a viewing walkway and a historical museum inside, along with a chance to see the engine room that controls the bridge’s operation. There's even a glass-floored section where you can experience the thrill of walking in mid-air. Tower Bridge is definitely a must-see during any trip to London.

6. Westminster Abbey, famous for royal weddings and funerals

Westminster Abbey, perhaps the grandest church in the UK, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major London tourist attraction. This church, which has been expanded and renovated over centuries, boasts a glittering yet solemn beauty. It has been an essential location for the royal family's coronations, weddings, and funerals.

The abbey is filled with sights worth seeing, including the graves of British luminaries, beautiful stained-glass windows, and the coronation chair used during royal ceremonies. There is plenty to explore within the vast grounds, and you can borrow a free Japanese audio guide to fully immerse yourself in the experience. The building itself is an indispensable part of London’s skyline.

7. Big Ben, the iconic clock tower of London

You can't visit London without seeing Big Ben, one of the city's most popular landmarks. Officially known as "Elizabeth Tower," Big Ben was completed in 1865 and stands as a symbol of London. The clock tower, which is attached to the Palace of Westminster (the UK Parliament), stands approximately 96 meters tall and was designed in a Gothic style by Charles Barry.

The interior tour, lasting about 1 hour and 45 minutes, requires advance booking, as slots fill up quickly. It’s recommended to check the official website regularly and book early. The tour includes climbing the 334 spiral steps and offers insights into the restoration work and history, all the way up to the bell tower. However, participants must be 11 years or older.

You can view the exterior of Big Ben anytime, 24/7! Every time you see it, Big Ben serves as a reminder that you're in London. It's a must-see spot that should not be missed during your visit.

8. The Southbank Centre, one of Europe’s largest arts complexes

The Southbank Centre, located along the southern bank of the Thames River in the Southbank area, is a hub for the arts. This area was developed as part of the Millennium projects and is now packed with restaurants, art galleries, and theaters, making it a key destination for London tourism. The Southbank Centre is one of Europe’s largest arts complexes, hosting over 1,000 music, dance, and literary events annually. There are also numerous free programs held in the lobby.

A recommended event is the annual Winter Festival held at the Southbank Centre. It’s the perfect spot during the Christmas season, offering warm drinks, food, handmade crafts, and Christmas-themed items at the Christmas market. You can also enjoy a Christmas tree café, mazes, circuses, and snow shows, with plenty of activities for both adults and children. The Southbank Centre is also an excellent place for a scenic walk along the Thames, making it a must-visit during any trip to London.

9. The London Eye, a giant Ferris wheel offering panoramic views of the city

The London Eye was built as part of the Millennium project and is one of London’s most recognizable landmarks. Officially named the "Coca-Cola London Eye" after its current sponsor, it was the world's largest Ferris wheel until 2006. Despite the frequent long queues, the ride can accommodate up to 25 people per capsule, so the line moves relatively quickly.

For efficient sightseeing, you can buy tickets online in advance. There are also fast tickets that allow you to skip the line, and even the option to rent an entire capsule. The highlight is the breathtaking night view of London from 135 meters up. The 30-minute ride will pass in the blink of an eye as you get lost in the spectacular views. Be sure to check the weather before planning your visit to maximize your experience.

10. The Shard, the tallest skyscraper in Europe

Completed in 2012, The Shard is a relatively new icon in London. Standing at 310 meters tall, it is the tallest skyscraper in Europe. The Shard was designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano, and its distinctive shape is something you’ll likely notice during your sightseeing.

The 87-story building houses offices on floors 2 to 28, restaurants on floors 31 to 33, a hotel on floors 34 to 52, residences on floors 53 to 65, and an observation deck on floors 68 to 72. From the observation deck, located on the 69th and 72nd floors, you can enjoy stunning views of London.

For those who want to relax with a drink and enjoy the nightscape, the champagne and cocktail bar "Gong" on the 52nd floor is highly recommended. Sipping on a gin-based cocktail while taking in London’s nighttime views is sure to create unforgettable memories of your trip.

11. Alexandra Palace, a palace filled with events

Alexandra Palace, located in North London, is not widely known as a tourist destination. While it is a palace, it also serves as a venue for numerous events. From outdoor cinema screenings and gigs to beer fairs and food festivals, this palace is always buzzing with activity. On Guy Fawkes Day in November, a fireworks display is held here, and the large antique fairs that take place several times a year are especially popular.

There are events almost every weekend, making it a fun place where Londoners frequently gather. Situated on a hill, it also offers a panoramic view of London, making it a great spot for sightseeing. It’s about a 15-minute bus ride from Finsbury Park in London Zone 2. If you’re looking for something off the beaten path, be sure to check out the event schedule before you visit.

12. King's Cross St. Pancras Station, also featured in Harry Potter

King's Cross St. Pancras is London’s largest station. It not only serves domestic trains across the UK but also international trains like the Eurostar, which departs for various destinations across Europe. The station consists of two adjacent buildings—King's Cross Station and St. Pancras Station. St. Pancras is a stunning example of Victorian Neo-Gothic architecture, resembling a palace. On the second floor, there are pubs, restaurants, stylish shops, and monuments, making it a hidden gem for sightseeing.

King’s Cross Station is also famous for its appearance in the Harry Potter series as the departure point for the Hogwarts Express. There’s even a replica Platform 9 ¾ where tourists line up daily to take photos. Be sure to check out the concourse, which was renovated in 2012 at a cost of £400 million. It’s also a great place to take a break with its many cafés and restaurants during your London sightseeing.

13. Portobello Market, a popular antique market in London

Portobello Market is perhaps the most famous market in London. It was also a filming location for the movie Notting Hill. The upscale neighborhood surrounding the market is lovely to stroll through, even if you’re just window shopping.

On Saturdays, the antique market draws not only tourists but also professional antique dealers, who come to do business early in the morning. It can get very crowded, so be mindful of your belongings. If antiques aren’t your main interest, you might prefer to visit the market on days other than Saturday when it’s less busy.

The market stretches for over 2 kilometers, and after passing under the railway viaduct, the atmosphere changes to more of a flea market feel. Though this area sees fewer tourists, it’s safe, and it’s fun to browse through vintage shops and other quirky items while getting a glimpse of everyday life in London.

14. Borough Market, the place to shop for organic food

Known as "London’s Pantry," Borough Market is a must-visit destination for organic food lovers. After a recent renovation, it has become even more tourist-friendly. The market offers a wide variety of fresh produce, as well as bread, cheese, cakes, spices, and beverages from all over the world.

Even just walking around is enjoyable, but the many food stalls make it a great spot for a quick lunch while sightseeing. There are also plenty of pubs, cafés, and restaurants nearby, so you can take a break after exploring the market. The idea that London’s food is bland is a thing of the past. Experience the delicious side of London during your visit!

15. Camden Market, full of punk clothing and unique goods

Camden Market, located in the punky, youthful district of Camden, is a favorite among both Londoners and tourists. The name "Camden Market" actually refers to a collection of markets in the area.

One of the market’s perks is that it stays open until around 6 p.m. daily, making it convenient for grabbing an affordable lunch at one of the food stalls while sightseeing. "Camden Lock" refers to the nearby waterlock, and you can even catch a view of the Camden Canal from here.

With countless shops offering punk-style clothing, accessories, and other unique items, Camden Market is a great place to hunt for London-inspired souvenirs.

16. The thriving food market at Brick Lane Market

The Shoreditch area, home to Brick Lane Market, might just be London’s hottest tourist destination right now. Once known for being a less safe part of the East End, the area has transformed in recent years as artists and designers have moved in, creating a vibrant and trendy atmosphere.

On weekends, the area comes alive with the Brick Lane food market. The indoor space is packed with food stalls offering cuisine from all over the world. Both locals and tourists flock here, making it a bustling spot.

As you walk through the market, some stalls may offer free samples, so you can taste before deciding what to buy. The energy here is intense, and it’s a great place to experience the latest trends in London’s food scene.

17. The luxurious shopping street, Marylebone High Street

Marylebone High Street is located in one of London’s upscale neighborhoods, Marylebone. It’s a quaint, charming street filled with lovely shops and a relaxed atmosphere. Despite being relatively small, the street offers a range of boutiques worth visiting.

Here, you’ll find fashion, cafés, home décor, Scandinavian-style galleries and ceramics, and even historic bookstores. While strolling through this fashionable area, you might discover great items for souvenirs, such as cosmetics or specialty chocolates.

Like most areas in London, Marylebone High Street also has charity shops, including Oxfam. In such a high-end neighborhood, even the charity shops tend to stock quality items. It’s worth popping in for a look during your visit.

18. A must-visit for Sherlock Holmes fans: The Sherlock Holmes Museum

For fans of Sherlock Holmes, London is like a pilgrimage site. The fictional detective, created by Arthur Conan Doyle, has his famous address at 221B Baker Street, where the Sherlock Holmes Museum has been located since 1990.

The museum attracts fans from around the world, and there’s often a line of visitors eager to see it. Inside, you can explore rooms decorated as Holmes’ would have been, along with iconic items like his hat and pipe. There are also wax figures depicting famous scenes from the novels. Don’t forget to stop by the gift shop for Sherlock-themed souvenirs.

19. Liberty Department Store, a historic London retailer

Liberty, one of the world’s most famous and historic department stores, is located in London. Built in 1924, the store is a Grade II listed building and is a prime example of Tudor Revival architecture. Its striking exterior, with its timber beams, is a landmark that draws attention.

Known worldwide for its Liberty fabric, you’ll find much more than textiles here. Liberty is filled with high-end, cutting-edge brands, primarily from the UK, offering a variety of stylish and sophisticated goods.

Even if you’re not into fashion, it’s worth taking a look inside the store. The grand wooden atrium and glass ceiling are architectural marvels. On the ground floor, you’ll find premium chocolates, teas, and other souvenirs that make excellent gifts. It’s the perfect spot to find a special memento from your trip to London.

20. Harrods, the UK’s largest and most prestigious department store

Harrods is the UK’s largest and most famous luxury department store. Located in Knightsbridge, the store covers an astounding 1 million square feet and houses 330 departments, nearly double the size of its rival, Selfridges.

The ground-floor food court offers some of the most luxurious ingredients in the world. Be sure to check out their chocolates and teas, which make perfect London souvenirs. The store’s exclusive Harrods-branded products are also stocked in abundance here, making it a unique shopping experience. You’ll also find a diverse range of international dishes at the deli counter, perfect for a meal during your sightseeing break.

Harrods is also renowned for its lavish Christmas window displays, which are a must-see during the holiday season. Don’t forget to explore the in-store Christmas market as well. The store’s nighttime illumination is truly spectacular, making it worth visiting after dark during your time in London.

21. The British Museum, one of the UK’s largest museums with free entry

The British Museum, located in central London, is one of the largest and most prestigious museums in the world, showcasing an incredible collection of artifacts from all over the globe. Best of all, entry is free, making it a must-visit for anyone traveling to London. With its wealth of treasures, it’s a paradise for history enthusiasts, but even spending an entire day here may not be enough to see everything.

For an efficient visit, focus on famous pieces like the Rosetta Stone, the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Greece, and the extensive collection of mummies. The museum also offers a great café, restaurants, and gift shops. The building itself is remarkable, and with its easy access, it’s worth stopping by even if you’re just passing through during your sightseeing.

22. Kew Gardens, a royal botanical garden designated as a World Heritage Site

Located in southwest London, Kew Gardens is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is often referred to as the botanical version of the British Museum. It’s one of the largest botanical gardens in the world, bringing together plant species from all corners of the globe.

The garden is so vast that it’s impossible to see everything in a single day. Some must-see spots include the Victorian-era glasshouses, the Chinese Pagoda, the Japanese Garden, and the treetop walkway. The beauty of seasonal plants and the towering trees will make you forget that you’re in a garden.

There are cafés and restaurants within the garden, but it’s also a great place for a picnic, so bringing your own food is a nice option. For those looking to experience nature during their London trip, Kew Gardens is the perfect destination.

23. The National Gallery, one of the world’s largest art museums, also free to visit

The National Gallery, located in Trafalgar Square, is one of the largest art museums in the world and houses a stunning collection of Western European paintings from the 13th to 19th centuries. Even with a whole day, it’s hard to see everything.

Notable works include Leonardo da Vinci’s The Virgin of the Rocks, Hans Holbein’s The Ambassadors, Vermeer’s A Young Woman Standing at a Virginal, Vincent van Gogh’s Sunflowers, and Turner’s The Fighting Temeraire. These masterpieces are must-sees for anyone visiting London.

For a deeper experience, the museum offers official private tours led by expert guides, which you can enjoy before or after viewing the collections on your own.

24. The Victoria and Albert Museum, a treasure trove of art, free to explore

The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) is dedicated to the art and design of objects, with over 3,000 years of craftsmanship from all over the world. Its collections include costumes, ceramics, jewelry, sculptures, textiles, and photographs, and the quality and scale of its collection are considered unparalleled.

While London has many free museums, V&A stands out for its impressive collections, beautiful building, and a café that overlooks a charming courtyard. The casual self-service café offers a wide variety of high-quality items, and the ambiance itself feels like a work of art.

Even if you're not particularly interested in art, the beauty of the building and the café makes it worth a visit.

25. Sir John Soane's Museum, a small architectural museum with free entry

Sir John Soane's Museum is one of London's hidden gems and the smallest national museum in the city. Located just a 5-minute walk from Holborn Station, it’s a convenient stop for tourists.

The museum was once the home and studio of the British architect Sir John Soane, and it now displays his extensive collection of architectural drawings, paintings, and antiques. The space is densely packed with artifacts, creating a unique and intimate atmosphere unlike other tourist sites. Admission is free, and the museum also offers highlight tours, evening openings (free), and evening events (paid, reservations required) a few times a month.

Though it's a more niche spot for tourists, attending an evening event with a cocktail in hand while exploring the collections is sure to create unforgettable memories.

26. Tate Modern, a popular modern art museum in London

Opened in 2000 on the south bank of the Thames, Tate Modern is a contemporary art museum that has become a popular spot for both tourists and Londoners. The museum showcases modern and contemporary art, and entry is free, except for special exhibitions, making it an easy place to visit anytime.

The building itself is unique, having been converted from a power station. Its vast spaces and impressive art collections are worth seeing. A highlight is the view from the café-restaurant on the 5th floor. Though always busy with both tourists and locals, the view of the Thames, St. Paul's Cathedral on the opposite bank, the London skyline, and the Millennium Bridge is breathtaking. The restaurant is open in the evening, making it a perfect spot for dinner with a view of the city's nightscape.

27. St. Paul's Cathedral, the Royal Family's official cathedral

Across from Tate Modern is St. Paul’s Cathedral, one of London’s most famous landmarks. Known as a masterpiece of Baroque architecture, its intricately designed mosaic dome is a must-see. The cathedral is also famous as the site of Prince Charles and Princess Diana’s wedding in 1981. Inside, you can admire the grand interior, including the vast nave, high ceilings depicting the "Life of St. Paul," and the impressive pipe organ.

Climbing the narrow stairs to the dome offers a spectacular view of London. In the crypt, there is a highly regarded café and restaurant where you can enjoy British cuisine and afternoon tea.

28. Brixton Village, an arcade lined with cafés and stylish shops

Brixton, located in South London, was once considered a less safe area but has now become a trendy and artistic hotspot. One of its most famous attractions is Brixton Village, a lively arcade.

Here, you’ll find a wide variety of international restaurants, cafés, and stylish shops. Since Brixton has a large African immigrant community, there are many shops selling African fabrics and goods. The area attracts many tourists, and one of its perks is that food is relatively affordable compared to other parts of London.

Brixton also has other markets, though many are closed on Mondays. Be sure to check out the nearby Pop Brixton as well.

29. Greenwich Observatory, the location for the Prime Meridian

Greenwich, located in southeast London, is a special district known for its role in establishing Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). It’s a UNESCO World Heritage site with many attractions, but the Royal Observatory Greenwich is a standout.

The observatory, designed in 1675 by King Charles II, is perched on a hill in Greenwich Park. From the top, you can enjoy a panoramic view of the Old Royal Naval College, Greenwich Park, and the distant London skyline. The observatory itself is home to the famous Prime Meridian, as well as museums and a planetarium.

One unique feature is the "Time Ball," a red ball visible on top of the building that rises at 12:45 p.m. and drops at precisely 1:00 p.m. daily to signal the time. You can reach Greenwich by taking the DLR (Docklands Light Railway) or a bus from central London, but why not take a boat across the Thames for a more scenic journey?

30. Hyde Park, the largest royal park in London

Hyde Park is one of London’s largest royal parks, covering an area equivalent to about 30 Tokyo Domes. The expansive grounds include a large lake and the Princess Diana Memorial Fountain, among other attractions. The lush green lawns and seasonal flowers make it a relaxing retreat for both Londoners and visitors.

Hyde Park also transforms into a winter wonderland from November to early January. During this period, the park hosts a massive holiday-themed fair with stalls selling Christmas goods, a Ferris wheel, thrilling rides, ice skating, and live events. It’s a must-visit spot during the holiday season, and entry is free. The abundance of food and drink stalls adds to the festive atmosphere. Make sure to bundle up and enjoy a magical winter experience.

If you're touring London, the London Pass is highly recommended!

The London Pass offers access to over 80 popular tourist attractions in London, allowing you to visit as many as you like. Key landmarks covered by the pass include the Tower of London, Westminster Abbey, The Shard, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Kew Gardens, and the Royal Observatory Greenwich.

The daily cost of the pass varies depending on the number of days:

1-Day Pass: £104/adult, £69/child
2-Day Pass: £72/adult, £44.5/child per day
3-Day Pass: £56.33/adult, £36.33/child per day
10-Day Pass: £26.4/adult, £14.9/child per day
With the 10-Day Pass, you can explore London for a fraction of the cost of a 1-Day Pass. Use the London Pass to get the most out of your sightseeing while saving money!