24 Must-Visit Tourist destinations to visit in Chiran, the city where many young people flew off as kamikaze pilots, and Minamikyushu City

Minamikyushu City, located in the southern part of the Satsuma Peninsula, is known for its Chiran area, which became famous as one of the launching bases for special attack units during the final stages of World War II. The Chiran Peace Museum for Special Attack Units, built on the site of the former Chiran Army Airfield, is a must-visit spot for tourists.

Additionally, Chiran was a prosperous samurai town known as Chiran-fumoto during the Edo period, and the Chiran Samurai Residences, which retain the atmosphere of that era, are also essential tourist attractions. Looking further afield, the vast shirasu plateau is home to the region's specialty, Chiran tea fields.

The southern part of Minamikyushu City faces the sea, offering breathtaking viewpoints overlooking Kaimondake, famously known as "Satsuma Fuji." This tourist area provides opportunities to learn about both history and nature, and we will introduce 24 recommended spots to visit in Minamikyushu City.

Incidentally, Chiran does not have railways or expressways, but it is only an hour away by bus from Kagoshima Central Station. You can also reach Ibusuki, one of Kagoshima Prefecture's leading hot spring areas, directly by bus, making access to these tourist sites quite convenient.

1. Chiran Peace Museum for Special Attack Units

The first place that tourists visiting Chiran likely head to is the Chiran Peace Museum for Special Attack Units. Special attacks, known as Tokko refers to the unique and devastating attack method initiated by the Japanese military during the latter stages of World War II, based on the concept of a cornered rat biting a cat. This strategy involved pilots embarking on missions with only enough fuel and explosives for a one-way trip, targeting enemy ships with the expectation of dying in the process. Such operations shocked the Allied forces, and terms like "Tokko" and "Kamikaze" are still recognized internationally today.

Selecting the young, talented pilots for these missions required advanced flying skills and intense focus, making it a tragic loss of potential future leaders for Japan. While Chiran is known as a base for special attack units, in reality, young men from 22 airfields stretching from Kyushu to Taiwan flew on such missions, with 439 of the 1,036 casualties attributed to special attacks originating from Chiran.

Inside the museum, numerous personal effects and photographs of the squadron members are displayed, along with two restored and preserved combat aircraft used during the Pacific War. Photography is strictly prohibited inside the museum, inviting visitors to reflect solemnly on the silent voices of the special attack units.

The special attack operations stand out in the grim history of World War II, particularly highlighting the absurdity and inhumanity of war. The Chiran Peace Museum compellingly conveys the dignity of life alongside a prayer for peace, leaving many visitors in tears.

2. Triangle Barrack

The Triangle Barrack refers to a semi-buried building where special attack unit members waited for their turn to launch. While the original structure no longer exists, a replica has been built in the woods next to the Peace Museum. The semi-buried design was meant to deceive enemy aircraft, making only the triangular roof visible among the pine trees. Special attack unit members stayed in the Triangle Barrack for two to three days leading up to their missions.

The structure, which lacked sunlight and featured a low, dark wooden roof, served as a somber refuge for the pilots. What thoughts occupied their minds during the final nights before their missions? They might have shared their last moments with comrades or written letters and wills for their families. However, when the bare light bulbs flickered out, the sound of weeping was said to echo from somewhere within.

Inside the barrack, there are displays of photographs from that time, origami cranes sent from across the country, and remnants of special attack aircraft. As an important monument reflecting the late-war period in Chiran, the Triangle Barrack is a site worth visiting.

3. Chiran Peace Park

After visiting the Chiran Peace Museum for Special Attack Units, take a moment to walk through Chiran Peace Park, reflecting on your experience. At the entrance of the park, which is adjacent to the museum, you’ll find the symbol of the park: the "Statue of the Special Attack Warriors," alongside a life-size replica of the fighter plane "Hayabusa."

One of the major highlights of Chiran Peace Park is the row of cherry blossom trees that continues from the entrance. This picturesque setting was featured in the film I Will Die for You, stirring the hearts of visitors. Not only do tourists come to see the blossoms in full bloom, but many also visit to witness the beauty of the petals as they fall.

Currently, the park serves as a recreational space for the Chiran area, which includes an athletics field, multi-purpose stadium, soccer field, and martial arts hall. As you leisurely stroll through the park, take the time to reflect on the importance of peace.

4. Underground Aircraft Shelter Park

Located to the west of Chiran Peace Park, the plateau was once home to Chiran Airfield, a base for special attack units. Today, most of the area has been converted into farmland and residential land, with only a few remnants of the past remaining.

However, recognizing the importance of not turning away from this dark chapter in history, the Underground Aircraft Shelter Park (掩体壕公園, Entai Gō Kōen) was established recently. The term "entai gō" refers to shelters built to protect waiting aircraft from enemy bombings and blasts. Some of these shelters were equipped with solid concrete roofs to completely cover the aircraft, but the shelters at Chiran Airfield were simpler, often formed in a U-shape with earthen embankments and camouflaged with branches.

At the Underground Aircraft Shelter Park, the original structures have been restored, allowing visitors to glimpse a part of what Chiran Airfield looked like during its operational days. Although it’s a bit of a distance from the Peace Museum, it’s worth stopping by if you visit Chiran.

5. Hotaru-kan Tomiya Shokudo

During the special attack operations, a woman known as the "Mother of Special Attacks" lived in Chiran: Tora-hama Tome, who ran Tomiya Shokudo (Tomiya Restaurant). After the restaurant was designated as a military dining facility, young squadron members from Chiran Airfield frequently visited, and Tome became a motherly figure to them, known for her caring nature.

To help the pilots avoid military censorship, Tome would mail letters from them to their families. She also continued to inform families about the pilots' missions through her own letters. After the war, she transitioned to the lodging business for the families of the fallen. When Tome passed away in 1992, Tomiya Shokudo became the "Hotaru-kan" (Firefly Hall), serving as a memorial to the special attack units and a storyteller of their history.

The current head of the establishment is Tome's grandson, Akihisa, and the restaurant continues to warmly welcome visitors to Chiran, providing a moment of solace just as it did for the special attack pilots.

6. Kannon Hall for Special Attack Peace

The Kannon Hall for Special Attack Peace, located next to the Chiran Peace Museum for Special Attack Units, is another site worth visiting. Tome wished to honor the souls of the special attack pilots who perished alongside their aircraft shortly after the war. However, during the American occupation of Japan after the war, special attacks were viewed as a taboo symbol of militarism.

It wasn't until ten years after the end of the war that Tome's wish was fulfilled. Kannon Hall was established by Chiran Town on a part of the former Chiran Airfield, predating the construction of the Chiran Peace Museum by thirty years. Although the museum now attracts many tourists, its origins trace back to this Kannon Hall.

Along the path to the hall, numerous lanterns donated by families and associates from across the country are neatly lined up, including some erected by Tome herself. With each step toward the hall, visitors can deeply feel the emotions connected to the special attack units.

7. Chiran Samurai Residences

Now, stepping away from the historical sites related to special attacks, let’s explore some highlights of tourism in Chiran City.

During the Edo period, Chiran was one of the private domains of the Satsuma Domain's retainers, known as "Fumoto." Among the numerous "Fumoto" locations within the domain, Chiran still boasts well-preserved samurai residence streets from that time. The elegance of these residences is so remarkable that it has been designated as a national "scenic spot," which is quite rare for a samurai residence area. Particularly, seven private gardens within the Chiran Samurai Residences are open to the public as points of interest.

Each of the seven gardens has its own unique concept, and the current owners maintain them in the same style as they were during their heyday. Each garden is as impressive as any typical sightseeing spot you might find.

Additionally, in one corner of the residence street, you can find the unique architectural style of the "Futatsuya Minka," which has been relocated here. Take your time to appreciate the local charm. Unlike the samurai residences, this thatched-roof farmhouse consists of two connected buildings designed for different purposes, hence the name. There are only three of these precious structures still in existence.

8. Chiran Castle Ruins

Located near the center of the Satsuma Peninsula, Chiran has been home to local warriors since the late Heian period. The medieval stronghold of this area was Chiran Castle, situated between the Chiran Samurai Residences and the Chiran Peace Museum for Kamikaze Pilots. Today, it is a tranquil, nationally designated historic site.

The unique characteristic of Chiran Castle is its unusual "Southern Kyushu style" structure, seen only in the Kagoshima, Kumamoto, and Miyazaki regions. In this style, the castle’s individual compounds are separated, resembling inverted bowls arranged in a square. Though no buildings remain, the deep moat surrounding the ruins is worth seeing. For those with extra time, Chiran Castle Ruins are a recommended stop. While it’s tucked away and might be a bit far on foot, there is parking, so driving or biking is ideal.

9. Museum Chiran

Opened in 1993, Museum Chiran is a relatively new tourist spot offering insights into the history and folklore of not only Chiran but also the entire South Satsuma region. Exhibits include artifacts from the Chiran Samurai Residences and historical documents, along with extensive resources on "Kakure Nembutsu," or "hidden Buddhism."

Kakure Nembutsu refers to the secret practice of Jodo Shinshu Buddhism in Satsuma and Hitoyoshi domains, where the sect was banned and severely repressed during the Edo period. Similar to hidden Christians, followers practiced their beliefs discreetly, and this unique aspect of faith still subtly influences local customs in southern Kyushu today. Conveniently located next to the must-visit Chiran Peace Museum, Museum Chiran makes for an accessible addition to your Chiran tour.

10. Satsuma British House

Through events like the Namamugi Incident and the Anglo-Satsuma War, the Satsuma Domain was one of the earliest regions in Japan to establish connections with Britain and the wider European world. The Satsuma British House is a place where visitors can reflect on this history while enjoying shopping and tea.

Kagoshima’s Minamikyushu City is known for its Chiran Tea brand, and the black tea served at the Satsuma British House, made from these premium tea leaves, even won a gold award in the UK. This is an ideal rest spot to savor the aroma and taste of high-quality tea along with delightful sweets. Located close to the Chiran Samurai Residences, it's a perfect stop after sightseeing in the area.

11. Chiran Doll Museum

Just behind the well-known Tomiya Ryokan, the Chiran Doll Museum, marked by a bright red sign, showcases a unique collection of dolls. Museum director Teruko Teranishi has gathered dolls from around the world for over 25 years, making this a vibrant new attraction in Chiran.

The museum’s extensive display includes traditional Japanese dolls such as Hina dolls, Kokeshi, and Gosho dolls, as well as iconic characters like Peko-chan from Fujiya and vintage toys from Glico. Endorsed by the renowned toy collector Teruhisa Kitahara, the collection is sure to captivate visitors.

There’s also a cozy terrace café in the museum, offering a relaxing break during your Chiran sightseeing.

12. Bandokorobana Natural Park

Minamikyushu City, formed in 2007 from the merger of Chiran, Ei, and Kawabe towns, offers stunning attractions beyond Chiran. Among them, the scenic Bandokorobana Natural Park on the southern coast is a must-visit. Famed surveyor Tadataka Ino once called it a superb view of Japan, capturing the park's breathtaking beauty.

Visitors can enjoy a view of Mt. Kaimon rising faintly over the horizon. When the tide is low, you can walk around the rocky area to fully appreciate the picturesque scenery. This park is perfect for peaceful solo strolls or relaxed outings with loved ones.

13. Seahorse House

Near Bandokorobana Natural Park, the Seahorse House is another unique destination. It’s the only place in Japan where seahorses are exclusively bred. Here, visitors can observe numerous seahorses floating gracefully in the tanks, displaying their distinct silhouette. And admission is free, so you can enjoy this rare sight at leisure.

Seahorses are known for their unusual reproduction, with males carrying eggs in their bellies. This trait has made them a symbol of good luck in love, fertility, and safe childbirth. Nearby, there’s a "Good Luck Bell" and a heart-shaped monument, making this a charming spot for couples.

14. Kamafuta Shrine

Located along the southern coast of Minamikyushu City, Kamafuta Shrine is a popular power spot for good fortune, drawing athletes and celebrities alike. The shrine is believed to bring luck in competitions and challenges, with a unique ritual for making wishes. Visitors balance a wooden pot lid on their heads and walk approximately 8 meters from the torii gate to the main shrine; if they make it without dropping the lid, their wishes are said to come true. This distinctive custom has made the shrine widely known as Kamafuta Shrine rather than by its official name, Itate Hyozu Shrine.

Nearby, "Cape of Hope" is a scenic area where visitors can sit on pot-lid-shaped benches and enjoy views of Mt. Kaimon across the sea.

15. Hata no Sato Midorikan

In Minamikyushu City, visitors can explore “Green Tea-rism,” a unique tourism style focused on the renowned Chiran tea. Hata no Sato Midorikan offers insights into Chiran tea culture, history, and production processes. Visitors can learn about tea cultivation through exhibits and 3D theater presentations, and even try their hand at the delicate art of hand-rolling green tea leaves—a surprisingly challenging experience. The facility also includes a tea-tasting corner where visitors can enjoy the rich flavors of Chiran tea, immersing themselves in the tea culture and local traditions.

16. Ocha Kaido Yutorikan

Yutorikan is a must-visit spot for experiencing “Green Tea-rism” and savoring Chiran tea specialties. The highlight here is the "Tea Menu Buffet" during lunch, featuring an all-you-can-eat selection of tea-infused dishes and desserts made with local Chiran tea. Visitors can also enjoy a tea tasting, sampling Chiran tea varieties from eight local factories.

In the evening, Yutorikan transforms into an izakaya, with the standout dish being “Kurobuta Shabu-shabu” – Kagoshima’s premium black pork in a tea-infused broth, providing both collagen and catechin for health benefits. Surrounded by tea fields, the location and ambiance are ideal for a relaxing visit. The facility also offers direct sales of Chiran tea and fresh local produce.

17. Onodake Park

While neighboring Ibusuki City is known for Mt. Kaimon, Minamikyushu’s symbol, is the beautiful, cone-shaped extinct volcano Mt. Onodake, standing at 466 meters. The panoramic view from the summit is breathtaking, accessible after climbing the "Chaju Steps," symbolizing 108 years of longevity.

From the top, visitors can enjoy a sweeping 360-degree view of the Satsuma Peninsula, including sights like Mt. Kaimon, Lake Ikeda, and Chiran’s tea fields. Along the way, visitors can stop at Onodake Shrine, which boasts a history of over 700 years.

18. Sunrise Over Mt. Kaimon

Watching the sunrise over Mt. Kaimon is a stunning experience. From the Ochaya-no-ba Park in Chiran Town, Shioya, visitors can see the first sunrise of the New Year emerge directly over the peak of Mt. Kaimon, creating a "Diamond Kaimon" effect. This phenomenon attracts many tourists each year to witness the breathtaking scene.

The beautiful sunrise can only be viewed during winter due to the angle of the sun. With the sea in the foreground, the reflection on the water enhances the view, rivaling even Japan’s famous Diamond Fuji.

19. Yume Kaze no Sato Agri-Land Ei

For a relaxing family outing, Yume Kaze no Sato Agri-Land Ei offers plenty of fun activities on the scenic plateau once known for its famous horses. Located in the historic region of Eino’s Sengan-daira, this site is said to be the birthplace of the legendary horse Iketsuki, gifted to Sasaki Takatsuna by Minamoto no Yoritomo.

The park includes attractions like go-karts, electric cars, and sled skiing, which young children particularly enjoy. Families can also visit the “Small Animal Petting Zoo” and “Medaka (Killifish) School,” both popular with visitors. Admission is free, but attractions are ticketed. The site features open fields, an observation deck with beautiful views, and a large wind turbine for sustainable energy exploration.

20. Kiyomizu Iwaya Park

Located in the former Kawabe Town, Kiyomizu Iwaya Park is a notable spot in an area famous for Kawabe’s traditional Buddhist altars. Among the abundant spring waters flowing from the Shirasu Plateau, the park’s “Kiyomizu Spring” is particularly famous, earning a spot on the "100 Best Waters" list in Japan. With a flow of 6,000 tons daily, this water is not only used as a local drinking source but also generates electricity.

The park’s pondside is cool and refreshing, with the "Sakura no Yakata," a structure modeled after the Golden Pavilion by local altar artisans, standing as the town’s symbol. Inside, a cozy café serves sweets inspired by the nearby “Kiyomizu Magaibutsu” stone Buddha, and visitors can enjoy "Somen Nagashi," a unique Kagoshima noodle experience.

21. Chiran Water Mill Mechanisms

The "Chiran Water Mill Mechanisms" is a unique traditional performance art from the southern Satsuma Peninsula, designated as an Intangible Folk Cultural Property of Japan alongside the "Kaseda Water Mill Mechanisms." This cultural gem uses the power of water to turn a waterwheel, transferring energy through a complex system of pulleys and gears to animate small, 30-centimeter figures that put on a vibrant mechanical show. It’s mesmerizing to watch the intricate motions, which are entirely water-powered, come to life without human intervention.

This rare performance is held only twice a year during the summer festival "Rokugatsudo" at Toyotamahime Shrine on July 9th and 10th. Outside of the festival, visitors can still view these fascinating dolls at nearby exhibitions like the "Water Karakuri Hall" and "Karakuri Workshop."

22. Kawabe Futsukaichi Festival

Welcoming spring in Minamikyushu City, the Kawabe Futsukaichi Festival, held in the former Kawabe Town, is one of Kagoshima's three major markets with over 230 years of history. The bustling 1.3-kilometer stretch of shopping street is lined with around 400 stalls selling everything from food to household goods, drawing crowds from across Kagoshima and beyond. Shuttle buses even run within the venue to accommodate visitors.

The festival is known for lively events, including the famed banana auctions, monkey shows, and a colorful chindon (music parade), offering plenty of entertainment. Taking place on the first Saturday and Sunday of February, there are also direct shuttle buses from Kagoshima-Chuo Station.

23. Chiran Neputa Festival

Known for its iconic Neputa floats, the famous summer festival from Aomori Prefecture is recreated in the southern town of Chiran every July. Majestic Neputa floats parade through the streets of this subtropical area, bringing a taste of northern Japan to Kyushu. The festival originates from a sister-city relationship between the former towns of Hiraka in Aomori and Chiran in Kagoshima. Each year, staff from Aomori come to support the event, adding authenticity to the spectacle.

This unique blend of cultures offers an unexpected opportunity to experience a northern Japanese festival in southern Japan. It’s a delightful addition for travelers exploring Chiran’s historical sites and natural beauty.

24. Ei no Gossoi Festival

The Ei no Gossoi Festival celebrates the best of Ei Town, with “gossoi” meaning “everything” in the local dialect. Held at Ei Sports Park, the festival offers various performances and activities, including the renowned "Gossoi Grilled Beef," served free to attendees.

The festival's highlight is its breathtaking fireworks display, launched from a spot so close to the viewing area that the fireworks feel like they’re exploding overhead, creating a vibrant and immersive experience. This dynamic event, held in August, adds a festive summer flair to Minamikyushu City, and it’s a must-see for visitors to the area.

◎Summary

From the Chiran Peace Museum that honors historical sacrifices to the beautiful samurai residences and scenic natural sites, Chiran offers a rich blend of history, culture, and nature. Located just a short distance from Kagoshima-Chuo Station, this fascinating destination in southern Kyushu provides a unique and rewarding travel experience. If you're visiting Kagoshima, exploring the charms of Chiran is an opportunity you won't want to miss.

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24 Must-Visit Tourist destinations to visit in Chiran, the city where many young people flew off as kamikaze pilots, and Minamikyushu City