5 Must-Visit Tourist Spots to Discover Kagoshima’s History and Culture!

Did you know that Kagoshima is home to a rich history and culture? It was the first place visited by Francis Xavier when he came to spread Christianity, and it was also the birthplace of many great figures like Saigō Takamori. During the late Edo period, as Japan’s isolationist policy began to crumble, the feudal lords of Kagoshima played a central role in embracing Western culture and ushering in the country’s modernization.

The legacy of that era still remains today, with many buildings from the Meiji period preserved throughout the region. Kagoshima is an area where you can truly experience a sense of history and culture through its many sightseeing spots. Here, we introduce some must-visit destinations in Kagoshima that history lovers will find irresistible.

1. The Torii Buried by a Major Eruption – “Kurokami Buried Torii”

In the Kurokami area, you can see a torii gate that was buried by a massive volcanic eruption. During the major eruption of 1914 (Taisho 3), volcanic ash and pumice rose over 8,000 meters into the sky. The torii gate of Haragosha Shrine in the Kurokami district once stood 3 meters tall, but now only about 1 meter of the top lintel is visible.

Although residents initially attempted to restore it, the village mayor at the time insisted it be left as it was to serve as a record of the eruption. Seeing this torii gate allows visitors to truly grasp the power and devastation of the past eruption.

2. Saigō-don – “Statue of Takamori Saigō”

Takamori Saigō is remembered for his many achievements and is affectionately known as "Saigō-don." Though he met his end fighting the new government forces and ultimately took his own life at Shiroyama in Kagoshima Prefecture, a statue in his honor now stands at that site. This bronze statue of Saigō was crafted over eight years by Teru Ando, the same sculptor who created Shibuya’s famous “Hachiko” statue.

Teru Ando was born in Kagoshima City. Completed in 1937 (Showa 12), the statue of Saigō—depicted in the uniform of Japan’s first army general—is an imposing monument standing about 8 meters tall. It stands proudly with Shiroyama in the background. Visitors are often struck by its size and presence, and they take photos from various angles to capture its grandeur.

3. The Entire History of the Shimazu Clan – “Terukuni Shrine”

Located at the foot of Shiroyama, Terukuni Shrine enshrines Shimazu Nariakira, the 28th head of the Shimazu family. Considered one of the most distinguished leaders of the late Edo period, Nariakira appointed key historical figures such as Takamori Saigō and Toshimichi Ōkubo, and helped guide Japan toward opening up to the outside world. He also oversaw the creation of Japan’s first Western-style sailing ship, the Irohamaru, and a steamship, and was granted the divine title “Terukuni Daimyōjin” by the Imperial Court.

This shrine, dedicated to Nariakira, is visited by many worshippers during summer’s Rokugatsudō Lantern Festival and New Year’s visits. During Rokugatsudō, colorful lanterns are lit, and the event is cherished by locals. Not only does the site offer a strong sense of history, but the scenery is also beautiful—especially recommended on clear, sunny days.

4. Feel the History in the Stone Walls – Tsurumaru Castle Ruins

Kagoshima Castle, also known as Tsurumaru Castle, was the castle of the Satsuma Domain. Today, only parts of the moat and stone walls remain, but the remnants make this a historical sightseeing spot where you can feel the past.

The holes in the stone walls are bullet marks left from the Satsuma Rebellion. Even from these remaining bullet holes, you can sense the intensity of the battle.

Located within the Tsurumaru Castle ruins is the Reimeikan Museum, which showcases everything related to Kagoshima’s history. If you want to dive deeper into the area’s past, be sure to stop by Reimeikan as well.

5. The Western-style Engineer’s Residence – “Former Kagoshima Spinning Mill Engineer’s House”

The Former Kagoshima Spinning Mill Engineer’s House was built by the Satsuma Domain as accommodations for British engineers when Japan’s first Western-style spinning factory, the Kagoshima Spinning Mill, was constructed. As Western-style architecture from the late Edo to early Meiji period, it is a highly valuable building, designated as an Important Cultural Property and a National Historic Site. It has also been registered as a World Cultural Heritage site.

Designed in Britain and built with Japanese techniques, this building represents a true fusion of Western and Japanese modern styles. It’s a popular sightseeing spot where visitors are captivated by its unique charm. As it is considered an extremely valuable site, be sure to visit and experience it in person.

◎ Summary

We’ve introduced five historical sightseeing spots in Kagoshima. Each one offers a different perspective on the region’s history and culture, making them perfect for history enthusiasts. Kagoshima is not only known for the volcanic history of Sakurajima but also for its rich cultural heritage shaped by great figures who contributed to the development of Japan.

It’s no exaggeration to say that the current state of Japan owes much to the achievements of these historical figures from Kagoshima. When you visit, be sure to learn about Kagoshima’s history and culture. As you walk through the town with a deeper understanding, you may start to see the scenery in a whole new light. Why not experience the streets of Kagoshima, beloved and walked by the great minds of the past, for yourself?

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5 Must-Visit Tourist Spots to Discover Kagoshima’s History and Culture!