Your Guide to Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia: 5 Must-Visit Tourist Spots

Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, holds deep historical significance as the base of the ruling Saud family since the 19th century. The discovery of oil in 1931 spurred rapid development, transforming it into a bustling metropolis with a population of over 5.2 million. In this thriving city, Saudi citizens enjoy a life of comfort funded by oil wealth, while foreign workers, who make up one-third of the population, keep the city running. It’s intriguing to see that most workers you encounter in Riyadh are from abroad. Once a difficult destination for tourists, Saudi Arabia has now opened its doors with the introduction of tourist visas. If you’re considering a visit, here are five must-see attractions in Riyadh to explore.

Tourist Visas Are Now Available

On September 27, 2019, the Saudi Arabian government officially began issuing tourist visas to select foreign nationals.

Note: This information is accurate as of November 2019. Please check the official website for updates.

1. Kingdom Centre

One of Riyadh’s must-visit landmarks, the Kingdom Centre, stands as Saudi Arabia’s tallest building at 302 meters since its completion in 2003. Nicknamed the "bottle opener" for its distinctive design, its glass observation deck offers breathtaking views of the city. However, since the tower is located in the northern part of Riyadh, views of the southern areas are somewhat limited. Below, you’ll see King Fahad Road, a sprawling six-lane highway that reflects Riyadh's rapid urban expansion.

The Kingdom Centre also houses the luxurious Four Seasons Hotel, premium brand shops, and a variety of global dining options, making it a favorite for both tourists and locals. Saudis, known for their love of malls and cafes, add to the lively and sophisticated ambiance of this location.

Keep in mind that the elevators can get busy, even with local visitors, so allocate extra time for your trip. At night, the "bottle opener" area is beautifully illuminated with vibrant lights, making it a sight to behold. Meanwhile, in Jeddah, the country’s second-largest city, the ambitious Jeddah Tower, expected to exceed 1,000 meters, is currently under construction.

2. Masmak Fort

Step into history at Masmak Fort, the site of a dramatic chapter in Saudi Arabia’s foundation. In 1902, Abdulaziz Al Saud, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia, led 40 followers in a daring surprise attack to reclaim Riyadh after being exiled to Kuwait. This victory over Governor Ajlan, who resided in the fort, marked the Saud family’s return to Riyadh and the beginning of their quest to unify the Arabian Peninsula.

Until 1938, when the royal family relocated to the newly built Murabba Palace, the fort served as their residence. After extensive restoration, it opened to the public as a historical museum in 1995.

The fort’s nighttime illuminations add a magical atmosphere, making it a favorite among visitors.

A trip to Riyadh wouldn’t be complete without exploring this iconic site steeped in heroism and history.

3. National Museum of Saudi Arabia

The National Museum of Saudi Arabia, opened in 1999, stands as a must-visit attraction in Riyadh, celebrated for its captivating exhibits. Inside, the museum is organized into eight pavilions, each focusing on themes like history, archaeology, and culture.

As you step inside, you'll be greeted by a striking centerpiece—a meteorite weighing about 2.75 tons, discovered in the Saudi Arabian desert. The museum offers well-curated displays that explain the Kingdom's rich history, including archaeological discoveries, the evolution of Arabic script, and the foundations of Islam, all presented in an engaging manner. Visitors can also marvel at the luxurious gifts presented to the Kingdom by other nations, showcasing extraordinary craftsmanship and elegance. The museum shop is another highlight, offering a wide selection of souvenirs perfect for commemorating your Riyadh trip.

4. Diriyah Ruins

Situated just 20 km northwest of Riyadh, Diriyah is a historically significant site, known as the cradle of the House of Saud, which dates back to the 15th century. It served as the capital of the First Saudi State from 1744 to 1818, until its destruction by Egyptian forces under Ottoman rule. Today, the area offers a mix of restored structures, like defensive walls and watchtowers, alongside untouched ruins that evoke the site's storied past.

The Turaif District, home to the ruins, was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. While only a section is open for exploration at present, the government has embarked on extensive restoration efforts to revive the grandeur of this historic castle town. When visiting Riyadh, be sure to take the time to discover the treasures of Diriyah.

5. King Abdullah Park

King Abdullah Park, with its iconic 37-meter-tall Saudi Arabian flag, serves as a beloved recreational space for Riyadh locals. The park features restaurants, cafes, and lively markets, making it a go-to spot for family outings. Its expansive grounds include cycling and walking paths, and the well-kept lawns are ideal for picnics.

The highlight of the park is the weekend “Dancing Fountain” show, where fountains perform choreographed movements to music, enhanced by laser displays. Note that like many attractions in Saudi Arabia, the park designates specific visiting days for families and singles, so it’s advisable to check beforehand.

◎ Summary

In Riyadh, women are required by law to wear an abaya, a loose garment that modestly covers the body. Many attractions have separate entrances and schedules for men, women, and families, so it’s essential to verify these details in advance.

Dining areas in restaurants are also divided into family sections and gender-segregated spaces. Additionally, during the five daily prayer times, all shops and facilities temporarily close for around 30 minutes. While the Islamic customs and lifestyle may feel different, embracing the “when in Rome, do as the Romans do” philosophy will allow you to fully enjoy your experience in Riyadh.

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Your Guide to Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia: 5 Must-Visit Tourist Spots