14 Historical Tourist Spots in Bucharest, the site of the Romanian Revolution

Bucharest, once known as the "Little Paris of Eastern Europe" for its beauty, underwent a drastic transformation after the rise of the Communist Party following World War II. The city’s historic buildings and old towns were destroyed under the regime’s oppression. Despite this, Bucharest still has many historical tourist spots that survived the Communist era, as well as new attractions that emerged under the new government. This time, we'll take you on a journey through Romania’s history by exploring some of the must-visit spots in Bucharest.

1. Palace of the Parliament

The Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest is the second-largest building in the world, after the Pentagon in the United States. Construction began in 1984 and took approximately 13 years to complete, finishing in 1997. Although it is officially called the Palace of the Parliament, it is commonly referred to by its former name, The People's House.
The interior is unmatched in its opulence, featuring marble floors, columns, and stairs, and 2,800 crystal chandeliers. A tour is required to visit the interior, but due to the immense size of the building, even a one-hour tour only covers about 5% of the structure. Please note that a photography fee is required for taking pictures.
Although it is called "The People's House," the palace was actually built for the dictator Ceaușescu. The construction cost, which exceeded 150 billion yen, was spent while the Romanian people were suffering. This building can be seen as one of the triggers for the later Romanian Revolution.

2. Revolution Square

Revolution Square was the site of the Romanian Revolution in December 1989. The former Communist Party headquarters building faces the square. It was from the second-floor balcony of this building that former President Ceaușescu gave his last speech to a crowd of 100,000.
After the speech, he attempted to flee by helicopter but was unsuccessful and was executed by firing squad. Fierce gun battles between the security police loyal to the president and the anti-government military took place around the square, resulting in many casualties, including civilians.
A marble memorial in the square commemorates those who died during the revolution. Nearby, there is a stone monument inscribed with the names of the victims, preserving the memory of the revolution. The square is surrounded by tourist attractions, including the National Museum of Art, the Bucharest University Library, and the Kretzulescu Church.

3. Kretzulescu Church

Built in 1722, the Kretzulescu Church is a brick structure known for its distinctive Romanian Orthodox architectural style, featuring two towers. It survived the destruction of the Communist era’s systematic policies and is one of the oldest churches still standing in Bucharest.
Inside, you can find intricate frescoes painted at the time of its construction in the 18th century, covering the walls, ceilings, and beams. There are frescoes depicting God's judgment of good and evil and representations of Heaven and Hell on the ceiling near the entrance. Although small, the church is frequently visited by worshippers.
Located in the heart of Bucharest, the church offers a peaceful atmosphere, so it’s important to respect the quiet and not disturb those praying. The foundation of the church still bears bullet marks from the violent clashes during the Romanian Revolution, allowing visitors to reflect on the historical events.

4. Arch of Triumph

A popular photo spot, the Arch of Triumph is a symbol of Bucharest being called the "Little Paris of Eastern Europe." It was originally built in 1922 to celebrate Romania’s victory in World War I using wood and plaster. However, it was destroyed by fire and rebuilt in 1936 using concrete and granite, which is the current structure.
The design of the Arch is modeled after the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. On the south side of the arch, there are portraits of King Ferdinand I of Romania and his wife, Queen Maria, who were in power when it was built. On "Bucharest Day," September 20, the arch is opened to the public, and visitors can climb to the observation platform.
Every year on December 1st, Romania’s National Day, a military parade takes place under the Arch of Triumph, so it could be a great addition to your sightseeing plans. Nearby is Herăstrău Park, the largest park in Bucharest, making it a perfect spot for a walk after visiting the arch.

5. Stavropoleos Church

Stavropoleos Church, located in the heart of Bucharest's Old Town, is a small but beautiful church known for its stunning exterior and interior decorations. It is also a very valuable historic building in Bucharest.
The church was built in 1724 by a Greek monk, and its name comes from the Greek word "Stauropolis," which means "City of the Cross." The patron saints of the church are Michael and Gabriel. Originally built as a monastery, the church is now an important religious site.
Inside, you’ll find exquisite frescoes and numerous icons. The church's dome collapsed due to an earthquake in the 19th century, and the frescoes on the dome were restored in the early 20th century. The church is still very much a part of the daily life of Bucharest's citizens and is frequently used for weddings.

6. Metropolitan Church

Located near the center of Bucharest, the Romanian Patriarchal Cathedral (Metropolitan Church) was built in 1655 as a Greek Orthodox church. After the formation of the United Romanian Principalities, it gained independence from Greek Orthodox control in 1865 and became part of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Today, it has around 20 million followers.
The building where services are held is known for its beautiful appearance, featuring three domes. The front exterior walls are adorned with mosaics of Christ and the 12 Apostles. Inside the church, the mummified remains of Saint Dimitrie Basarabov are housed.
The same site also contains various buildings, including a luxurious former parliament building that was handed over to the Patriarchal Cathedral after the Romanian Revolution, the residence of the Archbishop, and a brick bell tower. It's convenient to explore all of these attractions together while visiting the church.

7. Old Princely Court

The site of the Old Princely Court is the remains of a fortress built in the 15th century by Vlad the Impaler, the inspiration for the vampire Dracula. While Bran Castle in Transylvania is often associated with Dracula, the real Vlad lived in Bucharest's Old Town.

Unfortunately, due to frequent fires and earthquakes, only parts of the building and its foundations remain today. Visitors can explore the remnants, which include a small underground chamber with pottery discovered during excavations, though the exhibits are limited.

However, imagining the life of Vlad, known as the "Impaler" for his brutal tactics in defending Romania from the Ottoman Empire, can be a fascinating experience. Ongoing archaeological excavations continue to reveal new findings, making it an exciting spot for history enthusiasts.

8. Curtea Veche Church (Old Court Church)

Built in 1554, Curtea Veche Church is the oldest church remaining in Bucharest. It was constructed on the grounds of a fortress of the Wallachian Principality, and for over 200 years, it hosted the coronations of the Wallachian princes.
Like the old palaces, Curtea Veche Church has suffered significant damage from fires, earthquakes, and invasions by the Ottoman Empire. Some of the frescoes inside, dating back to the 16th century, still remain and offer a glimpse into the church’s past.
The church was expanded in 1715, and in 1847, more frescoes were added. In recent years, the exterior has been restored, making it an even more beautiful church that is popular not only with tourists but also with Bucharest’s residents. Weddings are frequently held here, so if you happen to visit during one, consider it a lucky chance.

The simple yet harmonious design of red brick and white plaster creates a visually pleasing pattern. The narrow towers and curved stone window frames, along with the restrained exterior, contrast with the richly decorated frescoes inside, a common feature of Romanian Orthodox church architecture.

9. Romanian National History Museum

Located on Victoriei Street in Bucharest's Old Town, the Romanian National History Museum occupies a building that was originally the post office, constructed between 1894 and 1899. The building resembles a palace more than a postal facility, and it's easy to see why former President Nicolae Ceaușescu’s wife, Elena, often hosted dance parties here—it's a stunning building.
The museum showcases a wide range of exhibits, including Romanian crafts, jewelry, and artifacts from ancient times to the modern era. Popular exhibits include the throne of Romania's first king, Carol I, and the beautiful crowns of the king and queen.
A curious bronze statue at the entrance, titled "Roman Emperor Trajan and the Wolf," is another intriguing feature. Its impact is striking, and it's part of a collection of mysterious objects scattered throughout Bucharest.
Currently, only part of the museum is open to the public as excavation work continues on medieval ruins found beneath the building.

10. Mogoșoaia Palace

Located just a 20-minute bus ride from Bucharest in the suburb of Mogoșoaia, this medieval palace is a remarkable example of Brâncovenesc architecture, built between 1698 and 1702. The palace, often referred to as a "retreat" or "summer residence," is smaller and more charming than what one might expect from a grand palace, and it harmoniously sits within a large, beautifully maintained park.

The architectural style developed by the ruler of Wallachia, Prince Constantin Brâncoveanu, became known as the Brâncovenesc style and influenced Romanian Renaissance architecture. Visitors can admire this unique architectural style while exploring the grounds, which also feature the nearby Snagov Monastery, the supposed resting place of Vlad the Impaler, the inspiration for Dracula.

11. Romanian Athenaeum

The Romanian Athenaeum, located in Bucharest, is a beautiful concert hall known for its elegant exterior and lavish interior. Built in 1888 by a French architect, part of its construction was funded through donations from Bucharest’s citizens, showcasing the deep love for music in the city.

The Athenaeum is not only a popular spot for tourists because of its exterior but also for its stunning interior. With marble walls and intricate ceiling decorations, the interior evokes the feel of a jewelry box. The hall, which seats around 600 people, is surrounded by frescoes depicting Romanian history, making it a treat for both the eyes and the ears.

While concerts are typically held in the evenings, the building is also open to visitors during the day for sightseeing. Many of Bucharest’s major tour routes include a stop at the Athenaeum, making it one of the city’s top attractions.

12. Old Town (Centrul Vechi)

The Old Town of Bucharest is located near the Dâmbovița River, bordered by four main streets: Victoriei, Doamnei, Platiamu, and Bălerul. Though not large, it was once the center of Bucharest and is known for its beautiful architecture that earned the city the nickname "Little Paris of Eastern Europe" before World War II.

While much of the Old Town was destroyed during the communist era and later development, remnants of its historic charm remain. Notably, the Palace of the Parliament, also known as the People's House, was constructed over part of the Old Town, covering five times its area.

Today, the area is undergoing redevelopment and infrastructure projects to restore its former beauty. The Old Town is filled with cafés, restaurants, and shops, making it an ideal stop for a break during your sightseeing in Bucharest.

13. National Military Museum

The National Military Museum, which opened in 1923, showcases Romania's history of battles and wars. Given Romania's position surrounded by powerful countries, its history is closely tied to the history of warfare. This museum is an excellent place to learn about the nation's past.
The museum displays weapons and armor from ancient times through the Middle Ages, including those used in battles against the Ottoman Empire, as well as modern firearms. The exhibits are organized chronologically, making it easy to follow. Outdoors, you’ll find tanks, railway guns, and rockets. The museum also houses many Soviet-made weapons, reflecting Romania’s historical connections. Near the entrance, you can view displays related to the 1989 Romanian Revolution, including personal items and photos that vividly convey the intense and tragic battles that took place in Bucharest.
On May 9, which is Europe Day, the museum is open for free, and there is a popular parade featuring noblemen and officers dressed in military uniforms from various eras, drawing both tourists and locals.

14. Palatul Primăverii (Spring Palace)

Opened to the public in 2016, Palatul Primăverii, also known as the Spring Palace, was the private residence of former President Nicolae Ceaușescu. While Ceaușescu is often associated with the grand "Palace of the Parliament," he never lived in it, as he was executed before its completion.
The Spring Palace is located in the upscale northern part of Bucharest, surrounded by embassies. Ceaușescu and his family lived there for about 20 years, until the Romanian Revolution. The palace is equipped with a heated swimming pool, a theater room, a wine cellar, a hair salon, and a gym. It's astonishing to think that such lavish amenities were available over 25 years ago, highlighting the stark contrast between the luxury of Ceaușescu’s life and the everyday struggles of ordinary citizens.

Tours of the palace are available, and it's become a popular tourist spot, so reservations are recommended in advance. Visiting both the "Palace of the Parliament" and the Spring Palace on the same day could be an interesting comparison.

◎Summary

Bucharest has experienced significant changes over the last 20 years, emerging from the shadow of the dictator's legacy while slowly moving forward. While it boasts beautiful, grand buildings, it also offers a chance to glimpse the darker chapters of its history. Visiting Bucharest is not only a chance to admire its beauty but also to experience the depth of its past, ensuring an unforgettable journey.

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14 Historical Tourist Spots in Bucharest, the site of the Romanian Revolution